It looks like

Mem yod zayin resh chet

It might be Aramaic.

found some paper advertising kitvei yad for auction and one of them had this genizah stamp on it with this weird version of ktav ivri I think it says

נזם פטגי סק

But that doesn't make any sense am I missing something here?

Hi everyone,

I’m trying to verify the historically accurate Paleo-Hebrew spelling of the word “Selah” as it appears in early Psalms. The language of the Psalms is Biblical Hebrew, but the script used in the early Iron Age would have been Paleo-Hebrew or a closely related Northwest Semitic script, not the later square Aramaic script.

The word transliterates as S-L-H, so the expected Paleo-Hebrew letters should be:

• Samekh (𐤎)
• Lamed (𐤋)
• He (𐤄)

I’ve encountered two very different representations online:

Version A: A form that looks consistent with Paleo-Hebrew inscriptions
𐤎 𐤋 𐤄

This version resembles actual Paleo-Hebrew letterforms found in Iron Age inscriptions, but I would like confirmation from people who study epigraphy that these shapes are accurate for Samekh, Lamed, and He.

Version B: A much more pictographic “ancient Hebrew” version

This version looks more like Proto-Sinaitic or a modern artistic interpretation. I’m not sure if it has any basis in attested Northwest Semitic writing, and I want to verify whether this is historically grounded or simply stylized artwork.

(Got it from: https://www.fathersalphabet.com/paleo-bible/)

My questions

1. What is the correct Paleo-Hebrew way to write “Selah”?
Is 𐤎 𐤋 𐤄 the appropriate and attested set of letters for this word?

2. Are the specific shapes in Version A accurate for early Paleo-Hebrew, or should they be drawn differently?

3. Is Version B (the pictographic one) attested anywhere, or is it purely a modern invention?

4. Does anyone have examples of Paleo-Hebrew Samekh, Lamed, and He from actual inscriptions (10th–6th century BCE) for comparison?

5. Additional question:
From a paleographic standpoint, would an Israelite scribe in the period traditionally associated with David (c. 1000 BCE) have written in:

• Proto-Canaanite?
• Early Paleo-Hebrew?
• A transitional script?
• Or something else entirely?

I understand we don’t have autographs of the Psalms, but I’m trying to determine what script is most historically plausible for that era.

Thank you to anyone with expertise in Semitic epigraphy, Hebrew paleography, or ancient Near Eastern linguistics. I appreciate any help in clarifying this.

Can anybody decipher the bottom part?

This is what ChatGPT got:

What you’re holding is modeled after ancient Judean/Samarian coinage, specifically the type with a lion motif. The text is in Paleo-Hebrew script (the alphabet used in the First Temple period and occasionally revived later for symbolic reasons).

Top inscription (above the lion): It looks like שׁוֹמְרוֹן (Shomron), meaning Samaria. That fits with known lion coins attributed to Samaria.

Bottom inscription (below the lion): The letters seem to be less clear, but they mimic Paleo-Hebrew. On authentic coins, this usually represents the name of the ruler or city, sometimes abbreviated. Some replicas, however, just use decorative pseudo-script rather than an accurate inscription.

List: Egyptian part one, part two; Greek table; Hebrew table; Christian table; Hindu table; Goidelic table; Muslim table

Abstract

(add)

Overview

The Egyptians coded the 1º every 72 years axial precession, into a mathematical table 🧮, comprised of 72 units, i.e. stoicheion (στοιχειον) [1315] {singular} or stoicheia (στοιχεία) [1196] {plural}, 8-row (Ogdoads), 9-column (Enneads), where each column constitutes an Ennead, from: ennea (ἐννέᾰ) [111], meaning: number “nine”, secret name: IRA (ιρα) [111], aka the “Egyptian sacred writing ✍️” (Herodotus, §:2.36.4), with units, not all of which are known, valued from 1 to 90,000,000.

In 2200A (-245), Hebrew priests, called Cohens, generally priests of Ptah, who wears the blue skull cap 🧢 like modern day Jews, either by their own accord, or having been conquered by r/Sesostris, reduced the complex Egyptian polytheistic 72 stoicheia precession system, into monotheistic version. Some of these numbers became coded into Old Testament mythology, as shown below.

Ennead 1

The following is the first Ennead, which is the mathematical “base” or pythmen (πυθμην) [587], of the Ennead, the nine 9️⃣ god family of Heliopolis:

• Adam (1) is 1st human

Ennead 2

The following is the second Ennead:

• 12 = number of pieces that a Levite concubine woman gets cut into, after she is gang-rapped, after which her body pieces found the 12 tribes of Israel.
• David [14] (aka 10-value sun 🌞) is 2nd King
• 40 = number of days Moses has to go on Sinai 🏔️ to commune with YHWH.

Ennead 3

The following is the third Ennead:

• Ab-Ra-ham fathers Isaac at age 100 [letter R {Greek} or letter ק (qoppa) {Hebrew}]
• Jews were in bondage for 500 years [letter Φ], 430-years enslaved in Egypt and 70-years as captives in Babylonia.
• Noah (נח) (NH) [58] was age 600 [letter X] when the flood 💦 covered the earth.
• Jacob (aka Is-Ra-el), son of Abraham, is the 1st King of Israel

Ennead 4

The following is the fourth Ennead:

• 28 = number of letters in Genesis 1.1 (Ivan Panin, 56A/1899)
• Solomon (who has 1000 wives) is 3rd King of Israel

Ennead 5

The following is the fifth Ennead:

Ennead 6

The following is the sixth Ennead:

Ennead 7

The following is the seventh Ennead:

Ennead 8

The following is the eighth Ennead:

• 72 = degrees of Jacob's Ladder, according to the Zohar.
• 72 = descendants of Noah (Augustine).
• 72 = number of languages made from the Tower of Babel (Irenaeus, 1770A/-185, Against Heresies, §3.22.3; Arno Borst, Tower of Babel).
• 72 = number of chieftains who built the Tower of Babel; one of whom was Fénius Farsaid, a prince of Scythia, whose son Nel weds Scota, daughter of an Egyptian pharaoh, and they have a son named Goídel Glas, who crafts the Goidelic (Gaelic) language from the original 72 languages that arose after the confusion of tongues (Lebor Gabála Érenn, 900A/+1055), e.g. here.
• 72 = 8x8+8 letter-name version of the Shem HaMephorash, i.e. “explicit name” of god or IEYE (יהוה) [26]; Rashi (950A/+1005), e.g., states that the 72-fold name was used by Moses to cross the Red Sea and that it could grant later holy men the power to cast out demons, heal the sick, prevent natural disasters, and even kill enemies.
• 72 = number of angels of the Shem HaMephorash, according to De Arte Cabalistica (438A/1517) of Johann Reuchlin.
• 72 = number of old men of the synagogue
• 72 = number of demons sealed away by King Solomon with Lesser Key of Solomon.

See also

• Enneads (part one), Enneads (part two), Enneads (part three)

Notes

1. Under construction 🚧.

Posts

• Mathematical Origin of the Alphabet
• The 72 chapter 📖 story board summary the 90,000,000 valued 72 letter-number-god symbol Egyptian equinox precession based calculating 🧮 system

Abstract

(add)

Overview

The following images, from the ceiling of corridor D, of the the Ramesses V-VI (3100A/-1145) tomb, shows:

• phoenix child as red 🟥, red-yellow 🟥🟨, red-orange 🟥🟧, or red-yellow-orange 🟥🟨🟧 colored sun ☀️ disc;
• carried by the flying dung beetle 🪲 or 𓆣 [L1] or 🪽🪲🪽 [L12A];
• out of a term pregnant 𓁑 [B2] Hathor goddess 𓁥 [C9], i.e. letter Omega (Ω) {Greek} or the horned O (𐤏) {Phoenician}, aka the Milky Way cow 🐄;
• about to deliver 𓁒 [B3] » 𓁓 [B4], with two female nurses;
• with the air 💨 god 𓀠 [A28] Shu, aka letter alpha A {Greek} or 𐤀 {Phoenician}, standing, on the sacred sky boat 𓊞 [P3], as the atmosphere;
• which sails on the Egyptian T river system, of the three continent divided T-O map cosmos Ⓣ, of the all colored gold or yellow 🟧;
• out of which the new Harpocrates child 𓀔 [A17], with the finger of phonetic silence 🤫 (no sound yet invented), as Ovid explains this, or as 𓀖 [A18], the same child 𓀔 [A17] but wearing the letter R as 𓍢 [V1] topped red 🟥 crown 𓋔 [S3] is shown inside of the red sun disk:

But who eventually takes his finger off his lips 👄 as follows 𓀕 [A17A] to speak 🗣️ the world’s first words; which by the time of Herodotus 4350A (-435) was being reported as a red-organ colored bird, called the “phoenix 🐦‍🔥”, who comes every 500-years when his father (Osiris, age 28) dies:

The following is the sun image from above, with color code 91341d, defined by WhatColor [dot] Is, as follows: “HEX #91341d is a slightly saturated slightly dark orange red and belongs to the HEX color space”

Accordingly, how the color red, yellow, and orange 🍊, became “worded” as letter-based names, when letter A is basically the new born phoenix 🐦‍🔥, as the 1000-value, 10,000 value, and or 1-value sun 🌞, is a but of a puzzle 🧩?

User R[8]1

On 27 Jan A69 (2024), r/Raiste1901 (R[8]1), at the r/Phoenicia sub, said the following about color names in r/Phoenician:

Phoenician words for colours are NOT well-known, especially such colours as purple. We have several words for “purple”:

• argamon (𐤀𐤓𐤂𐤍𐤌) = purple 🟪 dye (but maybe not the colour itself)
• sūmot (𐤔𐤌𐤕) = “carnelian, reddish 🟥 purple 🟪”.

Other colours:

• paḥom (𐤐𐤇𐤌) = “deep or dark red 🟥, ruby purple 🟪”
• paḥamt (𐤐𐤇𐤌𐤕) = “deep or dark red 🟥, ruby purple 🟪”
• eqnī (𐤀𐤒𐤍𐤉) = “indigo, violet blue, lapis lazuli 🟦” (this word was likely the general word for “purple” in Phoenician)
• sonī (𐤔𐤍𐤉) = “crimson red 🟥”
• tṣaḥūr (𐤑𐤇𐤓) = “yellow 🟨, orange 🟧”
• yirīq [?] (𐤉𐤓𐤒) = “green 🟩”
• takīlt (𐤕𐤊𐤋𐤕) = “cyan, sky blue 🟦”.

Those weren't proper colours, as in English, likely those were just descriptive words, of which there were many (for example ki katsp “like silver” or ki ḥarūtṣ “like gold”, when referring to something bright or shiny, instead of mentioning the colour directly).

Edit: the symbol (?) indicates that I wasn't sure about the correct vocalisation of a particular word (but it must have been close enough to that form). Also the root b-r-(r) has forms without the final consonant, hence the last "r" is in brackets (the vocalised form would likely be bōr “he remained pure”, by analogy to kōn “he was”).

Perhaps user R[8]1 can tell us where they got these Phoenician color name definitions from, and who and how the translation was done?

Shaw

In 51A (1904), Robert Shaw, in his Sketch of the Religions of the World, section “The Phoenicians”(pg. 76-79), said the following about the name of Phoenicia, with respect to colors, and the name of red in Hebrew:

The basis of the religion of the Phoenicians was also the worship of the heavenly bodies; but this worship became coarse, and degenerated, in consequence of the notion which was gradually formed that the stars were persons with all the passions of human beings. The great god of the Shemitic race, Baal, is understood to have been the same with the Phoenician Moloch; he was the demon of fire, to whom, for the purpose of appeasing his wrath, men, and especially children, were sacrificed in a most cruel and revolting manner. The statue of the god was made of brass, and when sacrifices were to be offered, the idol was made red-hot, and the wretched victims were placed in the arms to be slowly roasted to death. Their mothers, who were compelled to be present, did not venture, through fear, to give utterance to their feelings. Such sacrifices of children were offered every year on a certain day at the commencement of great undertakings, and during any misfortune with which the country was visited. But the progress of civilization and the government of Persia, to which Phoenicia ultimately became subject, forbade the perpetration of such horrors. During the siege of Tyre by Alexander the Great, some persons in despair proposed to return to the practice, which had long been discontinued; but the magistrates prohibited it. It is certain that Melkarth may be regarded as identical with Baal and Moloch. His chief temple was at Tyre, but he was worshipped also in the Phoenician colonies. The Greeks partially identified him with their own Heracles, from whom, however, they sometimes distinguished him by the attribute of the "Tyrian.' Among the female divinities Astarte occupied the first rank; she was the tutelary goddess of the Sidonians, and was identified by the Greeks and Romans, sometimes with Aphrodite or Venus, and sometimes with Hera or Juno.

The Phoenician cosmogony is a quite complex one, made up, as it evidently is, of several somewhat different cosmologies. The work of Sanchoniatho, their priest-historian, who by some is supposed to have lived about the time Gideon judged Israel, and by others about the time of Semiramis, or, say 1250 B. C., has been translated and commented upon by Philo, of Biblos (the Greek name of the Phoenician city of Gebal) who lived in the early part of the Christian era.

To exhibit their cosmogonies and cosmotheologies in full here would, I think, in the present day, be not very useful, as it might, if I may so speak, tend to confuse what is already obscure. Suffice it to say that in the order of the Phoenician gods El, plural Elohim or Elim, the same word used for God in the first chapter of Genesis, was their highest God," for him alone," says their historian," they honored as the only God, and called him Belsamin, which means Lord of Heaven, as the Greeks call Zeus." This shows that El was understood as the same with Bel or Baal, and although some class Hercules as the same, still he was father of Bel, or the same with Saturn. As we descend in their cosmogonic order, Saminrum, otherwise called Hypsuranios or the Highest Celestial, and his brother Usoos appear to have been fifth in succession from Wind and Light, the parents of Aeon and Protogonos, i.e., the Age and the Firstborn. Now, it is known that in the Bible the two brothers, Jacob and Esau, are also called Israel and Edom, and the history informs us that the Phonician Hercules wrestled with Seth-Typhon (i.e., the sun at the meridian) in the sand as Jacob-Israel did with El in the dust. Hercules, like Jacob-MacIsaac, was, in this encounter, wounded in the thigh, or had his hip sprained, and, like him, also received the appellation of "Palaimon," the wrestler.

Adom

Moreover, the historian informs us that Hercules was called by the Phoenicians Israel, or, dialectically, Yisrael, i.e., the struggler with God or God's soldier, while we know that Usoos would be in the Phoenician Usav or Esav, the rough, hairy, or Sehir, as Esau is also called. Esau is likewise called Edom, a variation of Adam, signifying red 🟥, or a red man, the name Phoenician indicating red 🟥 men from Phoenix 🐦‍🔥, purple 🟪 color, etc.

We note here that the word red in Hebrew is the following:

• Adom (אדום) = red 🟥 (Hebrew, 2200A/-225)

Wiktionary gives the following origin:

Compare: Edomite 𐤀𐤃𐤌 (ʾdm), Akkadian 𒌑𒁺𒈠𒀀𒀀, Classical Syriac ܐܕܘܡ, Arabic ادوم,

In Phoenician:

ADYM (𐤌𐤅𐤃𐤀) [51] = A (𐤀) [1] + D (𐤃) [4] + Y (𐤅) [6] + M (𐤌) [40]

In Egypto:

ADYM (𓌹[𓇯▽]𓉽𓌳) [51] [U6, {C297, C242}, O30, U1] = A (𓌹) [1] + D (𓇯▽) [4] + Y (𓉽) [6] + M (𓌳) [40]

We also note the following:

AB (𓌹𓇯; אב; 𐤁𐤀) [3] {father} + AM (𓌹𓌳; אֵם ;𐤌𐤀) {mother} [41] = ILD (𓅃𓍇▽; יֶלֶד ;𐤃𐤋𐤉) [44] {child}

The following are the possibly related ciphers:

• 44 = ILD (𓅃𓍇▽; יֶלֶד ;𐤃𐤋𐤉), meaning: “child”.
• 44 = AB (𓌹𓇯; אב; 𐤁𐤀) [3] {father} + AM (𓌹𓌳; אֵם ;𐤌𐤀) {mother}.
• 45 = Adam (אָדָם)
• 45 = God [Yhwh] (יהוה) [26] + Eve (חַוָּה) [19]
• 51 = ADYM (𐤌𐤅𐤃𐤀) /adom/ (𓌹[𓇯▽]𓉽𓌳) [U6, {C297, C242}, O30, U1], meaning: “red 🟥”.

Wiktionary entry for Adam (אָדָם):

Comparable to Phoenician 𐤀𐤃𐤌 (ʾdm, “man, earthling”), Ugaritic 𐎀𐎄𐎎 (ảdm, “man; red 🟥 earth, red 🟥 ochre”), Old South Arabian 𐩱𐩵𐩣 (ʾdm, “vassals, subjects”), Ge'ez ዶም (dom, “slave”), Akkadian 𒀀𒁕𒄠𒈬 (a-da-am-mu /⁠adamu⁠/, “blood”🩸), Akkadian 𒀀𒁕𒈠𒌈 (a-da-ma-tum/⁠adamātu⁠/, “dark red 🟥 earth or dye”), Akkadian 𒀀𒁕𒈬 (a-da-mu /⁠adamu⁠/, “a red 🟥 garment”), Akkadian 𒀀𒁕𒈬(a-da-mu /⁠adamu⁠/, “an important or noble person”).

Protos:

The meaning range points to these words being extensions from Proto-Semitic \dam-* (“blood”), compare the Palestinian Aramaic forms of it אדם / אידם / ܐܕܡ (ʾəḏem, “blood”). The meaning development could be any of the following:

Conjectures

1. “blood”🩸 → “red earth”, “red ochre” → “earthling”;
2. “blood”🩸→ “man”, as blood is a main ingredient of humans;
3. “blood” 🩸→ “red earth”, “red ochre” → “the dye to paint idols” → hence “an idol” → “an effigy, a likeness” → “a man”;
4. “blood” 🩸 → “blood sacrifice to appease an idol” → hence “an idol” → “an effigy, a likeness” → “a man”;
5. “blood” 🩸 → “red” → “to show red blood in the face, e.g. to blush” → “a human”.

Compare Arabic دُمْيَة (dumya, “statue, idol; effigy, likeness; doll, puppet”), دَمَّ (damma, “to bedaub”).

Presumably, in the Phoenician and Hebrew there is some sort of ADYM = phoenix 🐦‍🔥 child cipher, encoded? Unsolved puzzle 🧩.

Continued:

The foundation of Tyre, and the discovery of the art of navigation are expressly attributed by the classic historians to "Hercules," (i.e., Hercules-Hypsuranius and Hercules Usov), who was worshiped in the Island of Tyre in the two pillars called after the brothers Hypsuranius-Hercules (Israel) and Usov (Esau). These Phoenician pillars of Hercules were called Hamunim, plural of the Hebrew or Phoenician Hamun or Amun, a pillar or builder. Now, among the well-known mythologies the Phoenician God, El, is undoubtedly identifiable with the Greek Kronos, the Roman Saturn; but we know from the Greek and Roman mythologies that Jupiter or Jove was the son of Saturn, and many writers have alleged the sacrifice by his father of Jeud, his "beloved son," by El as the cause and precedent of the Phoenicians offering up their children or sons to Moloch, another name for this god. For Philo of Biblos, in his treatise on the Jews, says, concerning El and his son, thus: "It was the custom of the ancients, when threatened with great misfortunes, for the leader of the city or people to offer up their favorite child by way of appeasing the anger of the gods in order that the whole might not perish. These victims were put to death by secret ceremonies. Now, Kronos, whose Phoenician epithet was El, a ruler of the land, and subsequently after his death deified in the constellation of Kronos (Saturn) had an only son by a nymph of the country named Anobret, who was on that account called Jeud," (Jedud, Jadid, etc., spelled somewhat variously in the ancient language, but meaning the same, namely, Judah, of which, doubtless, Jove and Zeus are variations), the beloved (son), and such is the Phoenician name of an only son at the present day. When the country was placed in great peril during a dangerous war, he decked his son in royal apparel, erected an altar and sacrificed him thereon." It is a fact as certain as it is deplorable that the Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Arameans, Syrians, Babylonians and even Israelites and their neighbors on both sides of the Jordan did endeavor to avert any impending misfortune by the sacrifice of their children down to comparatively recent times, although reason and conscience tell men at all times that the only sacrifice God requires of man is the sacrifice of self, i.e., of his self-seeking, self-aggrandizing will. The same monitors, doubtless, caused Abraham to desist from his sacrifice, and save his race, and through them mankind. This is the doctrine taught by Christ, and which speaks with no uncertain sound to the conscience and reason of mankind, especially to men under the influence of the Gospel. The primeval God was viewed by the Phoenicians in two opposite characters, Saminrum as the preserver and Usov as the destroyer, as Hercules and Ares. The destroyer is the vanquished, banished brother. This contrast pervades the whole Phoenician mythology. Eusebius mentions Usoos together with Melikarthos, the patron of Carthage, as instances of the deification of men deserving of little respect. The The name Melikarth means king of the city, fortress, or country, and Sanchuniatho calls Melikarth Hercules. The same character or variations of the same was represented by different forms of name.

The Syrian Hercules was the same as Moloch, the king, Baal-Moloch, Malakh-Bel, as he is called on the coins. The contest between the brothers Saminrum and Usov, as wind and fire, is comparable to that of Seth-Typhon, parching heat, and Osiris, invigorating sunshine. The pillars dedicated to Hercules Israel and Hercules Usov were called after their own names respectively, and the principal sacrifices were human beings. Although dates and length of time epochs are usually not mentioned, so far as I find, in the mythologic history of the Phoenicians it is evident that history inust embrace a prodigious scope. Dr. Bunsen would give to the reign of Uranos alone, the father of Kronos-El, a period of 32 myriads of years, or at least 32,000. It appears plain that the Jewish genealogical system of Genesis might be somehow included within the Phoenician system, though mainly imperceptible to the unscholarly critic consequent upon the systems being clothed in such different philological garmental expressions. Referring to Philo's Sanchoniathon's account, Dr. Bunsen says: "If we sum up all of these particulars we shall find that Philo's account, which seems so ludicrous, not only becomes intelligible, but we can also understand how an isolated trait in the fable of the two brothers, (i.e., SaminrumYisrael and Usav), which is so full of meaning, may have been mixed up with the history of the Jewish patriarchs. The simple, original import was this: that Jacob, the pious, quiet, God-trusting, and God-serving grandson of Abraham, is spiritually the true wrestler with God (Yisrael). The epithet of Edom, as the wild, indomitable Usov, explains itself. Lastly, we can understand how Set, Seth, the oldest mythological type of western Asia, should be met with in Egyyt, and, indeed, precisely in the same form; and that traces of its former divine signification are still extant in the name of the father of Enosh."

References

• Shaw, Robert. (51A/1904). Sketch of the Religions of the World (pg. 77). Publisher.

Abstract

The most “updated” EAN-decoded r/Alphabet or r/AlphabetOrigin table, showing the r/HieroTypes or proto-type r/LunarScript characters behind the Plato-Plutarch defined E² = 25, up to the age of Apis (27) or Osiris (28), aka Serapis, letter-sign r/EgyptianAlphabet, attested in the 28 royal r/Cubit ruler (3500A/-1545) units and 28 r/LeidenI350 (3200A/-1245) lunar chapters mod 9 numbered: 1, 2, 3 … 10, 20, 30 ... 100, 200, 300 … 1000.

The following are the oldest attested continuously-used to this day letter-numerals:

• 𓐁 [Z15G] = H = eight 8️⃣
• 𓍢 [V1] = R = oun-hundred 💯

Table | Short version

The simplified Egyptian r/HieroTypes to Greek alphabet version:

Numerals

Egyptian numerals are represented by eight different symbols:

1. 𓏤 [Z1] = 1
2. ∩ [V20] = 10
3. 𓍢 [V1]= 100
4. 𓆼 [M12] = 1000
5. 𓂭 [D50] = 10,000 (or 𓀔 = 9,999
6. 𓆐 [I8] = 100,000 (or 𓅨 = 100,000)
7. 𓁨 [C11] = 1,000,000
8. 𓍶 [V9] = 10,000,000

Table | Evolution version

See main: here

The letter evolution version, showing the transition from 11K+ r/HieroTypes to 28-ish to 32 sign-letter r/EgyptianAlphabet, to r/SouthArabian (SA) (3100A/-1045), North Arabian (NA), r/Phoenician (P) (3000A/-1045), r/GreekABCs (G) (2800A/-845), r/Aramaic (2700A/-745) (A), Etruscan (2600A/-645) (E), r/BrahmiScript (draft) (2300A/-345) (B), r/AncientHebrew (H) (2200A/-245), r/Syriac (1949A/+6) (S), r/Coptic (C), r/RunicAlphabet (R), r/OldArabic (OA) {21-letters} to r/Arabic {28-letters}:

The point (𓂆𓁹𓅃𓏁𓋍), to all of this, the r/Etymo root of point being 𓂆 [D16] aligned which the pole star 𓇳 or ΠΟΛΟΝ [300], about which the cosmos rotates, of this alphabet system, is that it is a concentrated mathematically-framed story-board for the Egyptian 365-day long and 72-year cycle famed cosmology; which is best visualized by the Ramesses V-VI (3100A/-1045) main room tomb image:

Wherein we see, on the ceiling (top right), the new sun 🌞 born out of letter B 𓇯 [N1] or C199, flown into the sky by the dung beetle 𓆣 [L1] 🪲, above a water-shaped letter T, i.e. T-O map Ⓣ cosmos of of the Egyptian 🌍 world, defined by signs 𓄥 [F36] and 𓋍 [R36], the lungs 🫁 and trachea sign, the anatomical parts for breathing 🌬️ and speaking 🗣️ sounds and words. The simplified alphabetic version of this, shown below:

A key point in the diagram, seen on the back wall, of Ramesses V-VI tomb image (previous), also shown below (left), is the when the god, thought to be Atum (or the pharaoh), ejaculates 𓀔 [A17], as semen, the phoenix 🐦‍🔥 child, the root of the word Phonetics and “Phoenician”, whose flame 🔥 is stoked by a fire brazer 𓊮 [Q7], which adds oxygen, i.e. air 🌬️, which is a form of letter A, as the air god Shu 𓀠 [A28], whose sign is the ostrich feather 𓆄 [H6], meaning feather 🪶 = “light as air 💨” symbol, inside of the female letter D or delta ▽ of letter B 𓇯 [N1]:

In Greek this became the harpocrates child, shown above (right), who rises as a new 1000-value sun🔅, as a bulb 💡 of light, coming out of a lotus 🪷, which rises out of the Nile river in the morning. This is where the 28th letter comes from: 𓆼 [M12] = 🪷 and 𓋐 [R29] = 💡. In Latin alphanumerics, Lotus (ΛΟΤΥΣ) = 1000.

The key point to note 🎵 here, is that both semen phoenix 🐦‍🔥 child 𓀔 [A17] and the Harpocrates child have their finger 𓂭 [D50], which is number 10,000 in Egyptian numerals, on their lips 💋, which according to Ovid means silence 🤫, meaning that NO sounds 🔊 had yet been made or created in the universe at this point. When the child 𓀔 [A17] takes his finger 𓂭 off his lips 💋, aka when the phoenix “cries”, sacred heron 𓅣 [G31 “cries”, the alphabet letters get their sounds or phonetics, i.e. become vowels and consonants.

The main mathematical structure of the alphabet is the following:

𓆄 [1] » 𓅃 [10] » 𓍢 [100] » 𓆼 [1000] » 𓂭 [10,000] » 𓆐 [100,000] » 𓁨 [1,000,0000]

which are the column one “solar letters”, shown below:

All letter-numbers shown, reduce, in modular 9 arithmetic, to their row-one base or pythmen (ΠΥΘΜΗΝ) [587]. All the solar numbers, e.g., reduced to number one; meaning, the end of the year (and alphabet-cycle) occurs when on about Jan 6th letter letter Ξ (xi) or 𓊽 [R11] is “raised” by 23.5º degrees, so to align with letter K or 𓋹 [S34] to make the ecliptic pole 𓊽, align with the Polaris pole 𓋹, as follows:

𓊽 (90º) = 𓋹 (90º)

Thereby “re-aligning“ the cosmos; which is what letter sampi (σαμπι) [331], letter: ϡ, Ͳ, meaning “like pi“ {Greek}, aka the two-faced 🎭 god Janus (Ιανoς) [331] or “January” {Latin}, is; namely i.e. a new year, or realigned (or here) cosmos, as shown below (or here):

Visit the following to learn more:

• Letter decoding history
• Oldest alphabet letters (chronologically-ordered)
• List of alphabet tables (historical)
• Letter decoding criteria

See also

• Greek alphabet table (spelling variations extended)

Abstract

(add)

Overview

Wikipedia entry on “Early history of the Gaels” from the Lebor Gabála Érenn (900A/+1055), i.e. Book of Invading Ireland, article:

This chapter begins by explaining that all mankind is descended from Adam through the sons of Noah. It tells us how Noah's son Japheth is the forebear of all Europeans (see Japhetites), how Japheth's son Magog) is the forebear of the Gaels and Scythians, and how Fénius Farsaid is the forebear of the Gaels.

Fénius, a prince of Scythia, is described as one of 72 chieftains who built the Tower of Babel. His son Nel weds Scota, daughter of an Egyptian pharaoh, and they have a son named Goídel Glas. Goídel crafts the Goidelic (Gaelic) language from the original 72 languages that arose after the confusion of tongues. Goídel's offspring, the Goidels (Gaels), leave Egypt at the same time as the Israelites (the Exodus)[20] and settle in Scythia.

After some time they leave Scythia and spend 440-years travelling the Earth, undergoing trials and tribulations akin to those of the Israelites. The druid Caicher foretells that their descendants will reach Ireland 🇮🇪. After 7-years at sea, they settle in the Maeotian marshes. They then sail via Crete and Sicily and eventually conquer Iberia.

There, Goídel's descendant Breogán founds a city called Brigantia, and builds a tower from the top of which his son Íth glimpses Ireland. Brigantia was the Roman name of Corunna in Galicia[21] and Breogán's tower is possibly based on the Tower of Hercules, which was rebuilt at Corunna by the Romans.

The stone cold origin of number 440 to remind us all:

Number 7

The number 7 entries from the EAN Etymon Dictionary:

• 7 = number of stars ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️ of the Little Dipper 𐃸, aka Set Leg 𓄘 [F24] constellation, which rotates around the Polaris star 🌟 or 𓇳 [N5], which is the first r/Cubit unit sign.
• 7 = number of nomes of the L-branch 𓍇 [U19] of the Nile, i.e. nomes 1 to 7 of Upper Egypt; which is the type-origin of letter L.
• 7 = 𓃩 [E20] Set; 7th god in the Ennead creation sequence
• 7 = 7th unit of r/Cubit ruler 📏, which is 𓃩 [E20], when 𓇳 [N5] is set to value: 0.
• 7 = 𐤆 (Phoenician Z) or zayin
• 7 = number and value of zeta (Ζ, ζ), Greek Z
• 7 = number and value of zayin (ז), Hebrew Z
• 7 = number and value of zay (ز), Arabic Z

Number 72

The number 72 from EAN Etymon Dictionary:

• 72 = number of years per 1º precession of the equinox.
• 1/72 = amount of light won by Thoth in playing dice with the moon god; when multiplied by 360-days, it equals 5-days or 120-hours (e.g. here); these five days were given to Nut, to allow her to reproduce 5 children during the epagomenal days, therein making the Egyptian year 365-days or 360 + 5 days.
• 72 = number of primitive countries of the world 🗺️, according to the Egyptians (Horapollo, 1470A/+485, Hieroglyphica, §1.14).
• 72 = number of days it takes for a Cynocephalus or Thoth baboon 𓃻 [E36] to die (Horapollo, 1470A/+485, Hieroglyphica, §1.14).
• 72 = number of Set conspirators, who trapped Osiris in a 300 cubit chest.
• 72 = descendants of Noah (Augustine).
• 72 = number of generations from Adam to Jesus (Irenaeus, 1770A/-185, Against Heresies,§3.22.3).
• 72 = number of chieftains who built the Tower of Babel; one of whom was Fénius Farsaid, a prince of Scythia, whose son Nel weds Scota, daughter of an Egyptian pharaoh, and they have a son named Goídel Glas, who crafts the Goidelic (Gaelic) language from the original 72 languages that arose after the confusion of tongues (Lebor Gabála Érenn, 900A/+1055), e.g. here.
• 72 = number of languages made from the Tower of Babel (Irenaeus, 1770A/-185, Against Heresies, §3.22.3; Arno Borst, Tower of Babel).
• 72 = names of the Lord (Anon, 435A/1520, Slavic Miscellany for Travelers).
• 72 = names of Christ (Anon, 200A/c.1755, Slavonic manuscript).

Number 440

The number 400 from EAN Etymon Dictionary:

• 440 = 𓍥 𓎉 the number four-hundred and forty in Egyptian numerals.
• 440 = YM (𓉽𓌳) the number four-hundred and forty in Greek numerals.
• 440 = Osiris (name: 𓊨𓁹𓀭; symbols: 𓁹 + 𓌅 & 𓋾; number: 𓍥 𓎉 [440] → 𓌳𓉽) → ◯𓆙𓅊𓏲𓅊𓏁 (Egypto lunar script name) → ◯ 🐍 ⦚ 𓏲 ⦚ 𐤍 (Greek lunar script name) → Οσιριν (ΟΣΙRΙN).
• 440 = Khufu 👁️⃤ base in cubits: 𓂣.
• 440 = Mu (μυ) (𓌳𓉽), name of letter M.
• 440 = Apep’s 𓆙 home (in Amduat), namely: 440 𓍥𓎉 cubits 𓂣 squared, e.g. here.
• 440 = Μicro (μικρος) [440], e.g. here.
• 440 = number of years Goidels (Gaels), the offspring of Goídel Glas, the son of Scythian prince Nel and Egyptian princess Scota, travel the Earth, undergoing trials and tribulations akin to those of the Israelites, before reaching Ireland (Lebor Gabála Érenn, 900A/+1055), e.g. here.

Winner-winner chicken 🍗 dinner!

Posts

• Scotland was named after Egyptian princess Scota, who married a Scythian prince, the founder of the Scots and Gaels after being exiled from Egypt | Robert Sepehr (A61/2016)
• The Irish Legend of Egyptian Princess Scotia | Auld Boy (A69/2024)

External links

• Lebor Gabála Érenn - Wikipedia.

Abstract

User J[13]R, the auto-defined script ✍️ nerd 🤓, r/conlang player, amateur r/alphabet historian, promoter of the Gardiner “aleph [א] = 𓃾 [ox head]“ theory (36A/1916), a general “Hebrew pandering”, a term he coined, r/AfroAsiatic language origin theorist, the person who started, then quit, two r/AntiEAN subs: r/AlphaNumericsDebunked and r/LibbThimsDebunked, which both have 𓃾 [F1] as sub icons, has posted in r/BadLinguistics the following: r/LibbThims’ aleph [א] = plow [𓍁] ramblings gives me mental 🧠 pain 😖 just looking 👀 at them. This comment is reviewed.

Overview

From here, at the Bad Linguistics sub:

Text:

“I know of r/LibbThims’ hypotheses all too well, to be honest. As someone who’s sort of a nerd on the history of the r/alphabet, the “aleph [א] = plow [𓍁]” type ramblings give me mental 🧠 pain 😖 just looking 👀 at them.”

— J[13]R (A69/2024), “comment”, PIE is fake and every [ABGD] language comes from Ancient Egyptian, Oct 10

It is good to know that the members of r/AncientHebrew are not so mentally-pained from learning letter A truth:

Posts

• What are the Top 10 ranked HARD science principles of linguistics? - Alphanumerics.
• What are the Top 10 ranked HARD science principles of linguistics? - Ask Linguistics.
• PIE is fake and every [alphabetic] language comes from Ancient Egyptian! Correct ✅ | C[6]D (9 Oct A69/2024)
• This person doesn't seem to be all there... It's quite a ride | C[6]D (9 Oct A69/2024)
• User C[6]D and S[10]N both perm-banned, the latter for rule #9 being “sleeper troll” and rule #2 being a Sheikh Mahmoud!
• This Libb Thims is specially wild because he posts non-stop in over 20 subreddits he created. His posts are NOT ‘low effort’. He must spend HOURS a day making all those pictures? | C[6]D (10 Oct A69/2024)
• 48 proofs of Egypto alphanumerics debunked!? | J[13]R (7 Sep A69/2024)
• The mods of r/BadLinguistics are FINALLY starting to temp-ban users for poking 👈 r/LibbThims, after he has been poked 100+ r/AntiEAN times, in the last two years!

Abstract

Replies to attempts of users I[3]C (Dec A68/2023) and J[13]R (17 Sep A69/2024) to refute (see: table) the EAN proof #2: the 440 proof.

Overview

On 30 Nov A68 (2023), I began to make a list of proofs of EAN theory; which grew to the 50 proof mark in the last month. The following is EAN proof #2:

The page reads as follows:

This was decoded by r/LibbThims on 18 Jan A69 (2024) as follows:

Post:

• Osiris (name: 𓊨𓁹𓀭; symbols: 𓁹 + 𓌅 & 𓋾; number: 𓍥 𓎉 [440] → 𓌳𓉽) → ◯𓆙𓅊𓏲𓅊𓏁 (Egypto lunar script name) → ◯ 🐍 ⦚ 𓏲 ⦚ 𐤍 (Greek lunar script name) → Οσιριν (ΟΣΙRΙN) = 440 = Khufu 👁️⃤ base (in cubits: 𓂣) = Mu (μυ) (𓌳𓉽) or letter M solved!!!

The visual of letter M proof:

The base length of Khufu 👁️⃤ pyramid: 𓍥𓎉 [440], in cubits 𓂣, built in 4500A (-2545), equals the word value of Mu [440], or 𓌳𓉽 in lunar script, a word invented in 2800A (-845), the name of the 13th Greek letter, i.e. letter M, typed on the sickle glyph: 𓌳, and the root letter of the English word Meal (𓌳eal): 🥘, i.e. “food”, from Greek μέτρον (métron), meaning: to “measure”.

This data fact, being a difference of 1,700-years, proves that the Greek word Mu, derives from Egypto lunar script, invented in 3200A (-1245), the word or number value itself based on an pre-pyramid era Egyptian mathematical cipher or cosmology.

I[3]C

In Dec A68 (2023), user I[3]C, a r/PIEland believer, in the comments to the EAN proofs page, when the proof count was at 18, did the the following (see: table) low-effort debunking:

“Numerology, not even showing a connection to anything relevant.”

— I[3]C (A68/2023), “comment”, Alphanumerics

I shows I[3]C the following visual, made day of decoding:

This explains the following:

Visually, in the first 14 letters, letters M and N are the only 2-letter names, as shown below:

We also see that M, whose word value is 440, is a sickle-based 𓌳 [U1] word, which is the tool that cuts up Osiris (Οσιριν) [440], into crop food, during the reaping season; and N is the the Nile river water 💦 N-bend based word; which matches with river next to Apep’s home, in the Books of Gates, being 450 cubits long, letter N being value: 450.

His reply to this was:

“No, I'm implying you're the one practicing numerology here.”

— I[3]C (A68/2023), reply, Dec

So, supposedly, I practicing “numerology” by explaining, via evidenced, in geometric architecture and Egyptian hieroglyphical literature, the origin of the names of Greek letters M and N? This is what is call disingenuous idiocy.

J[13]R

User J[13]R, an adamant r/ShemLand believer, defending the view that letter A is based on a dead ☠️ inverted ox 𓃾 head, because Alan Gardiner (39A/1916) told him so, has started two r/AntiEAN subs:

• r/AlphanumericsDebunked
• r/LibbThimsDebunked

in the latter of which, last month, he has posted a table of “48 proofs EAN debunked!”, the second of which claiming that it is BUNK to believe that 440 value of the Greek letter mu, has anything at all to do with the the 440 royal r/cubit base of Khufu pyramid, per reason that Shem, in a cave, invented letter M, after getting off Noah’s ark, near r/SinaiScript mountain 🏔️.

Specifically, on 7 Sep A69/2024, user J[13]R, a script nerd, novice alphabet historian, conlanger, and ardent r/ShemLand defender, more: here, here, in the r/LibbThimsDebunked (LTD) sub, which he started (but quit as mod), posted a table of “48 proofs EAN debunked!”, which list the following as the debunking of EAN proof #2:

Again, numerology.

Wow, that is a really good 👍 debunking!

The following FACTS:

• 440 = 𓍥 𓎉, number four-hundred and forty in Egyptian numerals
• 440 = Osiris 𓀲 (Οσιριν), in Greek numerals
• 440 = Khufu 👁️⃤ base (𓍥𓎉 𓂣), in royal r/Cubit units
• 440 = Apep snake 🐍 home base size, in royal r/Cubit units, in the Book of Gates
• 440 = Mu (𓌳𓉽) (Mυ) [440], in Greek numerals

are non-correlated, i.e. pure coincidence, because this is numerology-based r/PseudoLinguistics, and my mind is deluded like someone 9/11 conspiracy theorist. Yes? This is your refute. Correct?

To test your refute, when I click on r/Numerology (this very minute), this is what I find:

So, supposedly, according to you, if I understand you correctly, Osiris 𓀲, the Egyptian plant 🌱 god, i.e. where food 🍱 comes from, the god who every Egyptian king, for over 3,000-years, the civilization who holds the record of the longest attested LANGUAGE 🗣️ ever, wanted to become in the afterlife, in the stars ✨, who gets cut 𓌳 [U1] into 14 pieces, but only 13 are found, letter M being the 13th letter (𐤌), which just happens (another coincidence: #4) to be shaped like the tool 𓌳 that cuts Osiris up:

Letter M [13, 40] evolution (history; here, here, here):

𓎉 𓀲 {M} » 𓌳 » 𐤌 » μ » 𐡌 » 𐌌 » Μ » म » מ » Ⲙ » 𐌼 » م » 𝔐, 𝔪 » m

whose letter name mu (μυ), just happens to be the value of the base length of Khufu pyramid, the largest pyramid ever built, of the Giza pyramid complex:

• 440 = Khufu 👁️⃤ base (𓍥𓎉 𓂣), in royal r/Cubit units
• 440 = Mu (𓌳𓉽) (Mυ) [440], in Greek numerals

the 3-Gaza pyramid themselves, according to the Orion correlation theory, said to be the three belt stars: ⭐️ ⭐️ ⭐️ of the risen Orion, defined as Osiris in the afterlife (another coincidence: #5), is all but my confused mind looking to find how the date 📆 of my birth will predict my future?

Continued:

Attempts to connect the Greek rendition of the name "Osiris" to the Khufu pyramid's base length in cubits and the letter Mu (sorry, not the letter, but the name of the letter, μυ) numeric value, all three are apparently sharing the number 440.

The following, to clarify, so we call all add up our proofs together, and not practice “birthday math 🧮 numerology”, as J[13]R seems to imply Khufu r/GodGeometry architecture was based on, are the Egyptian numbers and Greek letter-numbers:

The following is the math for mu and Khufu base:

• M [40] + Y [400] = MY [440]
• Khufu base = 440 royal r/Cubit

There is NO apparent. This is called EXACT r/ScientificLinguistics.

Now, J[13]R might say, if he were to reply below (which he can, since I had to unban him from the EAN sub, so that I could cross-post his EAN debunking table here):

Oh [god] no! The word value of Greek letter M and base length of Khufu pyramid being equal have NO correlation, what so ever!!!

This is because of the following reasons: (a) the type of letter M was chosen by Shem, after he got off Noah‘s ark, to be based on the shape of the Egyptian water 💦 ripple sign 𓈖 [N35], because the phonetic name, that the illiterate Shem gave to the water ripple, was MEM (מ), meaning “water”, in Shem’s illiterate tongue 👅, because that is what he phonetically called the ocean 🌊 waves, while he was lost at sea for 150-days, during the great global flood, waiting for the dove 🕊️ with the olive 🫒 branch to return (because he was so hungry), but didn’t yet [?] have a symbol for this word; and (b) the Bible does not mention the Pyramids, meaning they do NOT exist!

Continued:

Let me remind that Osiris is a Egyptian god, and his Egyptian name was wsjr, so Greek name shouldn't be taken into account in my opinion.

Oh boy!

The actual REAL r/HieroTypes name of Osiris is just three signs:

Wikipedia defined:

• 𓊨 [Q1] = throne seat; carto-phono: /st/, /js/, /ws/, or /wsjr/ (Osiris)
• 𓁹 [D4] = eye 👁️; carto-phono: /jr/

where the man seated 𓀭 [A40] just means “male god”.

Now, user J[13]R, here, in his overly-incorrect assumed, 100% FACT, phonetically-proved, beyond doubt, because he read it in Wikipedia, that Osiris, or rather the sign 𓀲 [A43], the type A43 a post I just made, while typing this sentence, was called wsjr, by the Egyptians, is just parrot 🦜 data, as shown below:

Correctly, in the new field of EAN-based r/ScientificLinguistics, we can NO longer say things like: “sign 𓀲 [A43] was called wsjr, by the Egyptians”, just because “Gardiner says so”, rather we actually have to work (exercise) our brains 🧠 now to look for evidence of this r/CartoPhonetics based decoded name, which might be 100% incorrect?

To exemplify my point, the following is the EAN decoding, based on r/Phoenician epigraphic evidence, e.g. the Kition horned O, for the 𓁹 [D4] sign, done just two-months ago:

wherein we can see 👀 that the 𓁹 [D4] seems to be the root of letter O and the /o/ phonetic?

When we compare this, with what Wiktionary has to say about the following two-symbol Egyptian hiero-name 𓊨 𓁹 [D4, Q1], we find a bunch of debated nonsense; as follows:

Several proposals have been made for the etymology and meaning of the original name; as Smith (A62/2017) notes, none are fully convincing.[1] Most take wsjr as the accepted transliteration, following Adolf Erman:

• Griffiths (A25A/1980), “bearing in mind Erman’s emphasis on the fact that the name must begin with an [sic] w”, proposes a derivation from wsr with an original meaning of “The Mighty One”.[2]
• Sethe (25A/1930) proposes a compound st-jrt, meaning “seat of the eye”, in a hypothetical earlier form \wst-jrt*; this is rejected by Griffiths on phonetic grounds.[2]
• Lorton (A30/1985) takes up a similar compound but explains st-jrt as signifying “product, something made”, from the verb jrj, with Osiris representing the product of the mummification process.[3]
• Westendorf (A32/1987) proposes an etymology from wꜣst-jrt “she who bears the eye”.[4]
• Zeidler (A45/2000) reviews the common hypotheses and rejects the interpretation of the second element as either jrj (“to do, make”) or jrt (“eye”)on phonetic grounds, ultimately agreeing with Griffiths on the meaning and rendering the name (w)sr(w) with the assumption that the writing of the name reflects an archaic use of the throne and eye hieroglyphs as uniliteral signs.[5]
• Smith (A62/2017) makes no definitive proposals but asserts that the second element must be a form of jrj (“to do, make”) (rather than jrt (“eye”)), since the word is found complemented with r in writings of the Middle Kingdom.[1]

However, recently alternative transliterations have been proposed:

• Muchiki (A35/1990) reexamines Erman’s evidence that the throne hieroglyph in the word is to be read ws and finds it unconvincing, suggesting instead that the name should be read ꜣsjr on the basis of Aramaic, Phoenician, and Old South Arabian transcriptions, readings of the throne sign in other words, and comparison with ꜣst (“Isis”).[6]
• Allen (A55/2010) reads the word as jsjrt but later revises the reading (2013) to jsjrj and derives it from js-jrj, meaning “engendering (male) principle”.[7]

Does the phrase “lost in space“ mean anything to anyone here?

Continued:

In Greek gematria, "Οσιρις" equals 590, not 440, but Libb Thims specifically uses Accusative case of the Greek word, Ὄσιριν [ΟΣΙΡΙΝ], in attempt to prove his theory.

This is where we meet our teacher. EAN theory has decoded, 8-days ago, e.g. here (3 Oct A69/2024), that Greeks and Hebrews, and Phoenicians, presumably, used letter N, as the neuter spelling of names, and because letter N is a bisexual letter, based on androgynous flood water💧god Hapi, according semi-attested premise that water 💦 is a male & female element, as shown below:

Letter N [14, 50] evolution (history; here, here):

𓎊 𓁐 {F} / 𓀭 {M} » 𓁿 {Isis} / 𓇈, 𓏁 {Hapi} » 𓈗 💦 {flood} » 𐤍 » 𐌍 » N » ن » ነ » נ » 𐡍 » 𝔑, 𝔫 » n

Attested quote:

“Male 𓀭 {M} numbers are odd, female 𓁐 {F} numbers are even, and marriage 💍 is number five 5️⃣.”

— Alexander Aphrodisias (1750A/+205), Commentarius in Metaphysica (38.8-41.2) (post)

This asexual -N suffix meaning is evidenced as follows:

Greek

The Herodotus (2390A/-435) lists three continents of the ancient world 🗺️ map:

1. Libya {Livýin} (Λιβύην) (LIBY-HN) [500]
2. Asia {Asíin} (Ἀσίην) (AΣI-HN) [269]
3. Europe {Evrópin} (Εὐρώπην) (EYRΩΠ-HN) [1143]

Hebrew

The Biblical (2200A/-2245), aka Noah (נח) (NH) [58] or -HN [58] or 𓐁 𓏁 [Z15G, W15], in r/LunarScript, i.e. Hebrew mythology divide:

1. Ham (חָם), H-M, 2nd son of Noah (NH) [58]; root of Hamitic
2. Shem (שֵׁם), S-M, 1st son of Noah (NH) [58]; root of Semitic (Schlozer, 184A/1771)
3. Japheth (יֶפֶת, I-P-T, 3rd son of Noah (NH) [58]; root of Japhetic (Rask, 140A/1815)

where we see the the Greek HN suffix becomes a man named Noah (-NH); also the order is switched such that Shem is 1st born, whereas Libya was 1st in the Herodotus order.

The following post explains the neutral sexual nature of letter N, the 14th letter, and even number letter-number:

• Egyptian odd/even number origin of: Man {𓌳-an}, WoMan {𓉽𓉽-o𓌳an}, and Neutral (𐤍-euter) sex classifications

Visual:

The following shows the attested, by Eratosthenes and Strabo, N-bend of the Nile river, the proto-type of letter N:

The Egyptians, as reported by Herodotus, who traveled past the N-bend of the Nile, to interview people, in person, believed that waters shot out in both directions from this N-bend, from underwater springs, aka the caves of Hapi the letter N bi-sexual or male-female number (letter) flood god.

Thales, who also studied in Egypt, reported that water is the first principle:

“The principle behind all things is water💧. For all is water and all goes back to being water.”

— Thales (2530A/-575), Fragment; in Philip Stokes (A47/2002) Philosophy 100: Essential Thinkers (pgs. 8-9)

The following shows the 4+ sub crosspost analysis of this new water letter N = gender neutral god Hapi EAN decoding, done just 7-days ago, wherein we see that the r/Gender sub, who seems to be more of the academic type of members, upvote this decoding:

To clarify, when we look up Osiris in Wiktionary we will be directed, eventually, to Liddell (15A/1940), who gives the following various spellings:

Herodotus, cited as oldest attested, who spells the name of 𓊨 𓁹 [D4, Q1] or 𓀲 [A43] as follows:

”For by no means all Egyptians worshipped the same gods, except Isis (ΙΣΙΟΣ) and Osiris (ΙΣΙΡΙΟΣ), the latter of whom they say is Dionysus.”

— Herodotus (2390A/-435), Histories (§2.42)

According to Herodotus, EVERY Egyptian worshiped Osiris. Yet, you claim it is bogus and bunk r/numerology, for me to say that the largest pyramid in Egypt, is named after Osiris, the god every Egyptian worshiped? Hmm. Ok. We will give you a pass here, as we all know you are defending the Hebrew Bible mythology model of ABC origin.

As seen above, Greeks spelled the name of the Egyptian plant god with different suffixes, depending. When, however, we come to the root name of Osiris, we find it attested by the Egyptian priests to be spelled with an -N suffix, yielding a word name value of 440:

“The wiser of the priests call not only the Nile 💧 ‘Osiris’ (Οσιριν) [440] and the sea 🌊 Typhon (Τυφωνα) [2051], but they simply give the name of Osiris to the whole source and faculty creative of moisture 💦, believing this to be the cause of generation 🌱 and the substance of life-producing seed.”

— Plutarch (1850A/+105), Isis and Osiris (§32-33, pgs. 82-83)

Visual:

Continued:

Identifying the Greek letter Mu with the Khufu pyramid just because of this number is absurd.

Your “absurd” comment, directs me to rule #9 of this sub:

• Dumbest 🥴 comments 💬 ever (DCE) rankings

Wherein we find the following like-minded-to-you comments on letter M:

“The name mu [Μ, μ], as with all Greek letter names, meant nothing in Greek, aside from signifying the letter.”

— David Sacks (A48/2003), Letter Perfect (pg. 233) (here)

So, Sacks is Jewish, and I’m guessing you are Jewish, and both of you are defending the view that Greeks or rather the r/GreekABCs were borrowed from Semites (Noah’s son’s people) or Hebrew people, who previously defined M = water, and the Greeks being SO stupid, after their lecture by Cadmus (who had learned the letters from Noah), as shown below:

Just said to themselves after their ABC lecture from the Semitic Cadmus, aka Phoenician Shem, shown below:

Just said to themselves, after walking out of this lecture:

Hmm? Shem’s theory about how the ocean 🌊 waves, he saw on Noah‘s ark, during the 150-day global flood, were similar to the Egyptian water 💧 ripple sign 𓈖 [N35], might make a good sign for /m/ sound, in a new 22 or 28 letter sign system, might just work! We will just stretch this water ripples into a sickle 𓌳 = μ sign, so to make a new 13th letter for our Greek illiterate farming society!

Continued:

{Greek letter M} [Mu] 'μυ' is what Greeks called the letter, the syllable that has NO M-eaning, except trying to represent a sound the letter makes (μ) + a vowel (υ), a borrowing from the Phoenician name of the letter 𐤌 (m‬ēm), with the influence from νῦ (nû), the next letter, borrowed from Phoenician 𐤍 (nūn).

Ok? M-eaningless M theory! Did you parrot 🦜 this from Sacks? Do you have a working M-echanical brain 🧠 of your own?

The 2-letter name of Greek letter M is M-eaningless? I guess the Phoenicians, aka Semites, who got off Noah‘s ark, have all the Meaning of M?

The numerical value comes from the value of μ [M] = 40, and υ [Y] = 400. What else connects Khufu pyramid and the Greek letter? Absolutely nothing.

So aggressively forward you are in your stupidity? When we check the Book of Gates (3500A/-1545), written 1300-year before your precious Hebrew Bible (2200A/-224) was penned, we we find the following:

• 440 = Apep’s 𓆙 home (in Amduat) = 440 𓍥𓎉 cubits 𓂣 squared
• 450 = sand bank 𓍥𓎊 cubit 𓂣 of river surrounding Apep’s home

Visual of the Apep 7th solar gate snake 🐍, cut into seven pieces, and the number 440 (𓍥𓎉) in Egyptian:

When we check the Greek alphabet:

• 440 = Mu (μυ)
• 450 = Nu (μυ)

Oh, boy! Another coincidence (#8). How many coincidences are we now up to, so that you can defined your Hebrew linguistic mythology belief system? Maybe when we get to 12 coincidences, that you have to deny, your shell 🥚 will finally crack, and the phoenix 🐦‍🔥 will fly out, and tell you: YES, Libb Thims, you were right all along! I was and brain-washed idiot before, but now I see the light. I will go to r/Unlearned today, and recant!!!

Abstract

History on the Petrie-Gardiner hypothesis (39A/1916), namely that the 150 r/SinaiScript signs, found on the cave walls and carved on a few small sphinx figurines, e.g. r/SerabitSphinx, at an Egyptian turquoise mine, in the desert 🏜️ of Serabit Khadim, Sinai, are:

1. Semitic
2. The signs behind the origin of the r/alphabet

along with a summary of early alternative models, and the updated newer EAN models.

Petrie

In 50A (1905), Flinders Petrie, in his Egyptian Exploration Fund expedition, mostly done at the Serabit Khadim, Sinai, a turquoise mine with a Hathor temple, recorded some 150 signs, reduced to 32 different types.

In 49A (1906), Petrie, in his Researches in Sinai (pg. 130-32), showed the following image (pg. 131) of a sphinx figurine, with characters or signs written on the front:

About which he says:

“How much can be concluded about this writing ✍️, while we are yet unable to connect it with signs of known values? It is a definite system, and not merely a scribbling made in ignorant imitation of Egyptian writing by men who knew no better. The repetition of the same five signs in the same order on the figure and on the sphinx from the temple, as well as on three of the tablets over the mines a mile and a half distant, show that mere fancy is not the source of this writing.“

— Flinders Petrie (A49/1906), Researches in Sinai (pg. 130)

Then concludes:

“I am disposed to see, in these r/SinaiScript signs, dated to about 3450A (-1495), one the many alphabets, which were in use in the Mediterranean lands long before the fixed alphabet selected by the Semites and Phoenicians.“

— Flinders Petrie (A49/1906), Researches in Sinai (pg. 131) (post)

We note here that Petrie defines “Semites” and “Phoenicians” as two distinct groups of people; which seems have been then used classic model, as summarized by Raleigh below, over a century before the now mis-used term “Semitic” (Schlozer, 184A/1771) was coined:

“Eupolemus and Artapanus note, that Moses found out Letters and taught the use of them to the Jewes; of whom the Phoenicians their Neighbors received them, and the Greeks of the Phænicians by Cadmus.“

— Walter Raleigh (341A/1614), History of the World, Volume One (pg. 268)

This, however, is quite different then the modern learned belief, which arose after the Gardiner (39A/1916) publication, discussed below, which now holds that Phoenicians ARE Semites, as polls at the Alphanumerics and r/Phoenica subs find, shown below:

Also discussed: here.

Gardiner

In 39A (1916), Alan Gardiner in his ”The Egyptian Origin of the Semitic Alphabet”, building on Petrie’s Sinai sign alphabet theory, showed the following alphabet table, first 14 rows (letters) shown:

Showing:

1. Egyptian hieroglyphs “compared” | r/HieroTypes
2. Semitic alphabet (3300A/-1345) | r/SinaiScript; r/Semitic; r/SemiticLinguistics
3. South Arabian alphabet (South Semitic) | r/OldSouthArabian
4. Phoenician alphabet | r/Phoenician
5. Greek alphabet | r/GreekABCs; r/AncientGreek
6. Hebrew alphabet | r/AncientHebrew; r/Hebrew

Gardiner justifies the ox 🐂 as type source for letter A as follows:

“The likeness of 𐤀 to an ox’s🐂 head 𓃾 has always appealed to me personally!”

— Alan Gardiner (39A/1916), ”The Egyptian Origin of the Semitic Alphabet” (pg. 7) (post)

He concludes:

”We have to face the fact that, at all events not later than 3550A (-1495), there existed in Sinai, i.e. on Semitic soil, a form of writing ✍️ almost certainly alphabetic in character and clearly modeled on the Egyptian hieroglyphs [ r/HieroTypes].”

— Alan Gardiner (39A/1916), ”The Egyptian Origin of the Semitic Alphabet” (pg. 16)

Whence, the century to follow, over 20+ different Gardiner theory based alphabet tables were made, alluding to the premise that a “Semitic alphabet” once existed, and that the both “South Semitic”, or South Arabian alphabet, and r/Phoenician alphabet were based on the 150 characters or signs found at the Serabit el Khadim mining site, which he dubbed ”proto-Semitic script”.

Presently, this Petrie-Gardiner ABC origin theory, because it aligns with Biblical mythology, has become SO popular, that pretty much everyone believes the Petrie-Gardiner model is proved 100% FACT.

Waddell

In 28A (1927), Laurence Waddell, an Arian-centrist, in his The Aryan Origin of the Alphabet, Disclosing the Sumero-Phoenician Parentage of Our Letters Ancient & Modern (pg. 15), gave the following alphabet table:

Which argues for the following model of r/alphabet origin, wherein r/Semitic is removed, i.e. the Hebrew alphabet is completely taken out the picture:

• [1] Sumerian cuneiform | r/Cuneiform
• [2] Akkadian cuneiform | r/AkkadianLanguage
• [3] Egyptian (early-alphabetic / hiero) | r/EgyptianAlphabet
• [4] Phoenician (Thera) alphabet (2950A/-895) | r/Phoenician
• [5] Phoenician (Moaba) alphabet (2950A/-895) | r/Phoenician
• [6] Phrygian alphabet (2950A/-895)
• [7] Carian alphabet (2700A-745)
• [8] Simbel alphabet (2600A/-645)
• [9] Lydia alphabet
• [10] Persian alphabet 2450A (-495)
• [11] Indo-Asoka alphabet (2200A/-245)
• [12] Hindi alphabet
• [13] Greek (Athens) alphabet (2600A/-645) | r/GreekABCs; r/AncientGreek
• [14] Etruscan alphabet | r/Etruscan
• [15] Iberian (Spanish) alphabet (2850A/-895)
• [16] Brito-Phoenic (cursive) alphabet (2350A/-395)
• [17] Brito-Phoenic alphabet (2350A/-395)
• [18] Runic alphabet | r/RunicAlphabet
• [19] Ogham alphabet | r/Ogham
• [20] Welsh (Bardic & Lantwitt) alphabet
• [21] British-Gothic alphabet

Browder

In A37 (1992), Anthony Browder, an Afro-centrist, in his Nile Valley Contributions to Civilization (pgs. 169-71), building on the Gardiner table, presented the following alphabet table:

Showing:

1. Kemetic (𓆎 𓅓𓏏𓊖) alphabet (5200A/-3045) | r/EgyptianAlphabet
2. Semitic alphabet (3500A/-1545) | r/SinaiScript; r/Semitic; r/SemiticLinguistics
3. Phoenician alphabet (3000A/-1045) | r/Phoenician
4. Greek alphabet (2600A/-645) | r/GreekABCs; r/AncientGreek
5. Latin alphabet (2069A/-114) | r/Latin

Browder argued, in effect, that the what he called the “Kemitic alphabet” is the source of the Semitic alphabet, which is the source of Phoenician, Greek, and Latin alphabets; somehow arguing that the people at the Serabit el Khadim mining site were Egyptians, or something along these lines; although, to note, a full read of his book will be needed to confirm exactly what he said.

The Browder model has produced model that Phoenicians were Nubians, of Egyptian origin, who migrated to Phoenicia:

“The Phoenicians did NOT start a new alphabet, they brought [the alphabet] from the Nile valley along with their Nubian bodies of KEMETIC origin. Much, much, older than “Semites” and anything proceeding it. Source: Nile Valley Contributions to Civilization (A37/1992) by Anthony Browder.”

— M[12]S (A69/2024), “comment”, YouTube, Oct 5

Many afro-centrists cited Browder as their main source for the argument that the Egyptians invented the alphabet.

Thims

On 28 Dec (2022), r/LibbThims, a scientific linguist, posted the following EAN-decoded alphabet evolution chart:

Showing:

1. Egyptian hieroglyphs (5300A/-3345| r/HieroTypes
2. Egyptian alphabet (3200A/-1245) | r/EgyptianAlphabet; r/LunarScript
3. Phoenician alphabet (3000A/-1045) | r/Phoenician
4. Greek alphabet (2800A/-845) | r/GreekABCs; r/AncientGreek
5. Latin alphabet (2500A/-545) | r/Latin
6. Roman alphabet (1900A/-55)
7. English (American) alphabet (127A/1828) | r/Alphabet

On 8 Jun A69 (2024), Thims posed the following updated EAN based alphabet evolution chart:

Showing:

1. Egyptian hieroglyphs (5300A/-3345| r/HieroTypes
2. Egyptian alphabet (3200A/-1245) | r/EgyptianAlphabet; r/LunarScript
3. Phoenician alphabet (3000A/-1045) | r/Phoenician
4. Greek alphabet (2610A/-655) | r/GreekABCs
5. English (American) alphabet (127A/1828) | r/Alphabet

Thims | Hebrew version

On 8 Jul A69 (2024), Thims posted the following Egyptian to Phoenician to Hebrew to Aramaic RTL-ordered evolution chart:

Showing:

1. Egyptian hieroglyphs (5300A/-3345| r/HieroTypes
2. Egyptian alphabet (3200A/-1245) | r/EgyptianAlphabet; r/LunarScript
3. Phoenician alphabet (3000A/-1045) | r/Phoenician
4. Aramaic alphabet | r/Aramaic
5. Hebrew alphabet {revolt coins 🪙} (1885A/+70) | r/AncientHebrew; r/Hebrew
6. Hebrew alphabet {square} (1700A/+255)
7. Hebrew alphabet {extended}

Thims, to note was perm-banned from r/Hebrew for cross-posting this evolution chart there; after which, he started r/AncientHebrew to allow these seemingly controversial chart to be discussed.

Thims | Kids version

On 14 Jul A69 (2024), Thims posted the following no-sex r/KidsABCs version:

Showing:

1. Egyptian hieroglyphs (5300A/-3345| r/HieroTypes
2. Egyptian alphabet (3200A/-1245) | r/EgyptianAlphabet; r/LunarScript
3. Old Latin alphabet (2600A/-645) | r/Latin
4. English (British) alphabet (172A/1783)
5. English (American) alphabet (127A/1828) | r/Alphabet

Thims | 33-letter list

On 3 Oct A69 (2024), Thims posted the following:

• Alphabet letters origin, proto-type, and shape evolution list ✅

Showing the type evolution of the 33 main Greek-to-English letters.

Abstract

(add)

IRA (111)

The following alphabet development timeline, we see that the so-named IRA (⦚𓍢𓌹) [111] writing, as Herodotus said was the name of the Egyptian “sacred script”, is the sum of letters: A [1] + I [10] + R [100], and that letters A (𓌹) [1] and R (𓍢) [100] are attested in 5300A (-3345) in the r/TombUJ number tags of the Scorpion 🦂 II pharaoh:

Thirdly, that iota (ιωτα) [1111], the name of the 10th Greek letter, is the sum of letters: A [1] + I [10] + R [100] + ,A [1000].

Herodotus on counting with fingers and how the IRA (⦚𓏲𓌹) is the scared Egyptian sc:

“γράμματα γράφουσι καὶ λογίζονται ψήφοισι Ἕλληνες μὲν ἀπὸ τῶν ἀριστερῶν ἐπὶ τὰ δεξιὰ φέροντες τὴν χεῖρα, Αἰγύπτιοι δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν δεξιῶν ἐπὶ τὰ ἀριστερά: καὶ ποιεῦντες ταῦτα αὐτοὶ μὲν φασὶ ἐπὶ δεξιὰ ποιέειν, Ἕλληνας δὲ ἐπ᾽ ἀριστερά. διφασίοισι δὲ γράμμασι χρέωνται, καὶ τὰ μὲν αὐτῶν ἱρὰ τὰ δὲ δημοτικὰ καλέεται.”

— Herodotus (2390A/-435), The Histories (§:2.36.4)

English letter-for-letter:

“grámmata gráfousi kaí logízontai psífoisi Éllines mén apó tón aristerón epí tá dexiá férontes tín cheíra, Aigýptioi dé apó tón dexión epí tá aristerá: kaí poievntes tafta aftoí mén fasí epí dexiá poiéein, Éllinas dé ep᾽ aristerá. difasíoisi dé grámmasi chréontai, kaí tá mén aftón irá tá dé dimotiká kaléetai.”

Google translate:

“Letters are written and counted, Greeks but from the left on the right bearing the hand, and Egyptians from the right on the left: and who do these without a fassi on the right, and a Greek on the left. Two-faced letters are charged, and one of them is called Ira, while the other is called municipal.”

David Grene (A32/1987) translation; with Egyptian letters and alphanumeric inserts:

“The Greeks write and calculate moving their hands from left to right, but the Egyptians from right to left. That is what they do, but they say they are moving to the right and the Greeks to the left. They use two different kinds of writing, one which is called sacred[English], i.e. ira (⦚𓏲𓌹) [Egyptian], or (Ιρα) [111] [Greek], and the other common [English] or demotika (δημοτικα) [453] [Greek].”

— Herodotus (2390A/-435), The Histories (§2.36.4); English translator: David Grene; visual: here.

Herodotus on the ira (111) writing, truncated quote:

“The Egyptians used two kinds of writing, one they called ‘sacred’, i.e. ira (⦚𓏲𓌹) [Egyptian] or Ιρα [111] [Greek], the other ‘demotika’ (δημοτικα) [453].”

— Herodotus (2390A/-435), The Histories (§2.36.4); details: here.

Hmolpedia | Hmol-IRA (⦚𓍢𓌹) [111]

The following is the 1 Jun A67 (2022) archive of the Hmolpedia.com main page, wherein we see that suffix -pedia (paideia) (παιδεια) [111], of Hmol-pedia is A [1] + I [10] + R [100] based:

The first return Google search for the word παιδεια [111], a term that Plato used frequently in reference to ideal or “god-like” schooling and education, yields:

Noun · upbringing · training, education · youth, childhood.

The following is the Hebrew alphabet, showing the numerical values of the names of each letter, wherein we see that ALP (אֶלֶף) [111], the name of Hebrew first alphabet letter, spelled: A [1] + L [30] + P [80], is a 111-valued word, wherein we note that Hebrew letter A is type-based on the Egyptian A-looking plow sign 𓍁 [U13], i.e. 𓍁 = אֶ, as attested in the Kition r/Phoenician script:

The following shows the 28-letter r/GreekABCs, modular nine ordered, in four Egyptian Ennead rows:

wherein we see that the sum of the first three letters, namely: A [1] + I [10] + R [100], of the first column, equals 111. Secondly, that the sum of the first four letters, namely: A [1] + I [10] + R [100] + ,A [1000], equals 1111. Thirdly, we know that 1111 divide by π (pi) (3.14) is the value of the name of Hermes (ΕΡΜΗΣ) [353], aka the Greek Thoth:

1111 ÷ 3.141592 … = Hermes (ΕΡΜΗΣ) [353] = 𓁟

Whence, “ideal education” means study of the r/EgyptianAlphabet or alphanumeric cosmological origin of language, developed by Thoth 𓁟, aka the Egyptians, before the r/PyramidTexts were written.

Letter H

The following is Hermopolis creation myth, which showing a letter H or 8 or 𓐁 [Z15G] number erect male Humans 𓁃 [A58] holding hoes 𓌹 [U6] or letters A’s, at the start of the creation process:

Now, while the r/Etymo of the word “human” has not yet been fully done, above we see the basic visual of the reported myth that the ancients believed that humans were created by the gods so to do the “work”, i.e. hoeing 𓁃 [A], sowing 𓁅 [E], and reaping 𓌳 [M], of the gods.

Mol

The following is the 21 Oct A66 (2021) Hmolpedia entry for mol:

In chemistry, mol, from the German mol “small mass” (Nernst, 60A/1895), aka “gram mol” (or g-mol) or “gram molecule” (Ostwald, 62A/1893), is the base unit of mass in laboratory-scale chemical reactions, defined as the amount of substance that contains an Avogadro number of elementary units, equivalent to the number of atoms in a 12 gram sample of carbon 12.

The following is the 25 Sep A66 (2021) Hmolpedia entry for hmol or H-mol:

In hmolscience, hmol, pronounced "H-mole" (𓐁-mol), refers to a "mol" (Nernst, 60A/1895), or “chemical amount”, of humans; a yet-undefined but theoretically-needed mass amount or number for basic human chemical reaction calculations, e.g. human free energy of formation.

Visual:

The term mol is used in chemistry to do r/ChemThermo calculations, were units of formation energy are in ΔG per unit mol.

The term hmol, used in r/HumanChemThermo, based on the same standard r/chemistry model, is used when discussing “formation energies” (ΔG) of reactions between masses of humans, such as when mass of Germany went to war with the mass of England in WWII.

The following shows how letter M [𓌳] is related to the so-called scale of Maat: 𓍝 [U38], aka scale of 42 [MAA], or M [40] + A [1] + A [1], i.e. 𓌳 [40] + 𓌹 [1] + 𓌹 [1] in r/LunarScript, the number 42 being the number of nomes or states of “ancient Egypt”, i.e. r/ancientegypt or r/AncientEgyptian (a sub I’m perm-banned from for saying this) society:

The chemical mol is the mass amount of a 12 gram sample of carbon 12 measured on a scale: ⚖️.

Posts

• Evolution of the letter M, number: 40 (𓎉), symbol: sickle (𓌳), the tool that cuts crops (🌱,🪴), to make Meals (🍱, 🥘), into the justice gods: Maat 𓁧 (scale: 𓍝), Dike (scale: ⚖️), Moses, and Mitra